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1989 Bhagalpur violence
The Bhagalpur riots of 1989 refers to the violence between the Hindus and the Muslims in the Bhagalpur district of Bihar, India. The riots started on 24 October 1989, and the violent incidents continued to happen for 2 months. The violence affected the Bhagalpur city and 250 villages around it. Over 1,000 people (around 900 of which were Muslims〔), were killed, and another 50,000 were displaced as a result of the violence.〔(Bihar polls: Will Bhagalpur forgive Congress for 1989 riots? )〕 It was the worst Hindu-Muslim violence in independent India at the time, surpassing the 1969 Gujarat riots.
== Background ==
Bhagalpur has a history of communal violence, and in 1989, the Hindu-Muslims tensions had escalated during the Muharram and Bisheri Puja festivities in August.
In 1989, as part of the Ram Janmabhoomi camapaign, which aims to construct a Hindu temple at Ayodhya in place of the Babri mosque, the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP) had organized a "Ramshila" procession in Bhagalpur. The procession aimed to collect bricks (''shilas'') for the proposed Ram temple at Ayodhya. One such procession passing through Fatehpur village provoked brickbatting and arson on 22 October. Prior to the outbreak of the riots, two false rumors about the killing of Hindu students started circulating: one rumor stated that nearly 200 Hindu university students had been killed by the Muslims, while another rumor stated that 31 Hindu boys had been murdered with their bodies dumped in a well at the Sanskrit College.〔 Apart from these, the political and criminal rivalries in the area also played a role in inciting the riots.
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